How to solve Skype and Wamp conflict?
I have faced this issue several time on my computer. Initially, I used to avoid this problem, by closing skype, and than opening wamp and than using restart all services option. But, as it kept on repeating, it becomes irritation for me. This is a issue related to port 80 conflict. As both Wamp and skype use this port to establish connections, it makes wamp to not get started automatically. Though, skype has an option to use different port, so if we start Wamp before skype, it will work. But, this is not permanent solution so I finally decided to solve it using the following four steps approach.
How to use Grocery crud and Tank auth together?
Step 1). Download and extract all the files from archives of both grocery crud and tank auth in Codeigniter.
Step 2) Import their schema and install them according to the instruction given on their respective sites and test whether they are working individually.
Step 3) Change address of your default route controller at routes.php to
$route['default_controller'] = "examples"; // grocery crud controller
Step 4) In examples controller construct paste following line
$this->load->database();
$this->load->helper('url');
$this->load->library('tank_auth'); // we need to load tank auth library in example controller
$this->load->library('grocery_CRUD');
Step 5) In index function of examples controller, write code to check whether user is logged in or not:
public function index()
{
if (!$this->tank_auth->is_logged_in()) {
redirect('/auth/login/');
} else {
$data['user_id'] = $this->tank_auth->get_user_id();
$data['username'] = $this->tank_auth->get_username();
$this->_example_output((object)array('output' => '' , 'js_files' => array() , 'css_files' => array(),'data' => $data));
}
}
Step 6) Now in example views create a log out link:
Hi, ! You are logged in now.
Step 2) Import their schema and install them according to the instruction given on their respective sites and test whether they are working individually.
Step 3) Change address of your default route controller at routes.php to
$route['default_controller'] = "examples"; // grocery crud controller
Step 4) In examples controller construct paste following line
$this->load->database();
$this->load->helper('url');
$this->load->library('tank_auth'); // we need to load tank auth library in example controller
$this->load->library('grocery_CRUD');
Step 5) In index function of examples controller, write code to check whether user is logged in or not:
public function index()
{
if (!$this->tank_auth->is_logged_in()) {
redirect('/auth/login/');
} else {
$data['user_id'] = $this->tank_auth->get_user_id();
$data['username'] = $this->tank_auth->get_username();
$this->_example_output((object)array('output' => '' , 'js_files' => array() , 'css_files' => array(),'data' => $data));
}
}
Step 6) Now in example views create a log out link:
Hi, ! You are logged in now.
How to use OR and AND conditions in a single query?
Today when I was coding for one of my projects, I required to use OR and AND queries together. And with having good experience in Mysql and PHP Programming, I thought I can do it easily. But when I did use the query, It was not working as expected. After analyzing my query, I got to know that it was checking AND and OR conditions separately and giving result even when AND condition is false because I forgot to use Bracket with OR conditions.
My Requirement: Select employee_id of all employers with common name 'John' , age>24 or city London
Name should be John
Age or City condition (One of them should be true)
Problematic Query:
$sql = "Select employee_id from employers where employers.employee_name = '$name' AND employee_age > '$age' OR employee_city = '$city'";
It gives me result set with names other than John
Solution Query:
$sql = "Select employee_id from employers where employers.employee_name = '$name' AND (employee_age > '$age' OR employee_city = '$city')";
Updating all values using Single Query
Table which needs modification: TableA
Column whose value we need to change: ColA
Present Value: 2
New Value : 3
Query will be
My Requirement: Select employee_id of all employers with common name 'John' , age>24 or city London
Name should be John
Age or City condition (One of them should be true)
Problematic Query:
$sql = "Select employee_id from employers where employers.employee_name = '$name' AND employee_age > '$age' OR employee_city = '$city'";
It gives me result set with names other than John
Solution Query:
$sql = "Select employee_id from employers where employers.employee_name = '$name' AND (employee_age > '$age' OR employee_city = '$city')";
Updating all values using Single Query
Table which needs modification: TableA
Column whose value we need to change: ColA
Present Value: 2
New Value : 3
Query will be
UPDATE TableA
SET ColA = '3'
WHERE ColA = '2'
How to improve page load speed of your php website?
1. Use include at the place of include_once for including files
2.Remove Blank Spaces from your php code.You can use this function:
function removeBlankLines($string)
{
return preg_replace("/(^[\r\n]*|[\r\n]+)[\s\t]*[\r\n]+/", "\n", $string);
}
3. Use , (comma) at the place of . (period) and single quote(') at the place of double quote(") wherever possible in echo statements.
For ex.
Before:
echo "my name is". $this->name."and your is".$this->your_name;
After:
echo 'my name is',$this->name,'and your is',$this->your_name;
4. Provide width and height of image tags. For eg width="10" height="10"
5. Use CDN for external Javascript files.
6. If you are using jquery or any other popular js technologies, then use google library service.
7.Compress your css with css compressor.
8. Use minified version of javascript libraries, if not available then create one for yourself using sites like javascript compressor.
9.If possible write css files on page itself i.e inline, if file is too large then write css for visible content first on webpage and import css file in footer.
10. Import Javascript files in footer and not in header.
11. Load Javascript and other content Asynchronously or with the help of Ajax.
12. For image which are not above the fold, you can use lazyload javascipt to delay their loading.Read more about Lazy Load Plugin.
13. Compress your images using Yahoo Smush it.
14. Use Gzip for compressing webpage.
Use this code before doctype to enable gzip compression on linux servers
if (substr_count($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'], 'gzip')) ob_start("ob_gzhandler"); else ob_start();
15. Remove errors and warning from your code.
16. Use only required variables, if possible use values instead of variable.
For ex.
Before:
$j=10;
for($i=1;$i<$j;$i++) { } // do something
After
for($i=1;$i<10 do="" font="" i="" nbsp="" something="">
17. Use microtime function of php to measure time taken by php to execute any specific function. For eg. if I want to measure time taken by first_function, I can measure it with the following code:
$time_start = microtime(true);
// Call your function
first_function();
$time_end = microtime(true);
$time = $time_end - $time_start;
echo "Total time to execute first function is $time seconds\n";
18. Use HTTP Caching : For PHP Website you can use header function or mod_expires
p { padding-top: 10px; }
After
h1, p { padding-top: 10px; }
21. Use complex query instead of multiple queries to reduce number of requests.
22. You can use mysql procedure's at the place of php function. It will enhance your website security and performance.
2.Remove Blank Spaces from your php code.You can use this function:
function removeBlankLines($string)
{
return preg_replace("/(^[\r\n]*|[\r\n]+)[\s\t]*[\r\n]+/", "\n", $string);
}
3. Use , (comma) at the place of . (period) and single quote(') at the place of double quote(") wherever possible in echo statements.
For ex.
Before:
echo "my name is". $this->name."and your is".$this->your_name;
After:
echo 'my name is',$this->name,'and your is',$this->your_name;
4. Provide width and height of image tags. For eg width="10" height="10"
5. Use CDN for external Javascript files.
6. If you are using jquery or any other popular js technologies, then use google library service.
7.Compress your css with css compressor.
8. Use minified version of javascript libraries, if not available then create one for yourself using sites like javascript compressor.
9.If possible write css files on page itself i.e inline, if file is too large then write css for visible content first on webpage and import css file in footer.
10. Import Javascript files in footer and not in header.
11. Load Javascript and other content Asynchronously or with the help of Ajax.
12. For image which are not above the fold, you can use lazyload javascipt to delay their loading.Read more about Lazy Load Plugin.
13. Compress your images using Yahoo Smush it.
14. Use Gzip for compressing webpage.
Use this code before doctype to enable gzip compression on linux servers
if (substr_count($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'], 'gzip')) ob_start("ob_gzhandler"); else ob_start();
15. Remove errors and warning from your code.
16. Use only required variables, if possible use values instead of variable.
For ex.
Before:
$j=10;
for($i=1;$i<$j;$i++) { } // do something
After
for($i=1;$i<10 do="" font="" i="" nbsp="" something="">
17. Use microtime function of php to measure time taken by php to execute any specific function. For eg. if I want to measure time taken by first_function, I can measure it with the following code:
$time_start = microtime(true);
// Call your function
first_function();
$time_end = microtime(true);
$time = $time_end - $time_start;
echo "Total time to execute first function is $time seconds\n";
18. Use HTTP Caching : For PHP Website you can use header function or mod_expires
19. Avoid using SQL queries in loops(While or For), instead of that use array inside the loop and use implode function to append that array in SQL query.
20. Optimize CSS by using common declarations:
Before
h1 { padding-top: 10px; }p { padding-top: 10px; }
After
h1, p { padding-top: 10px; }
Before:
Select * from products where pid=1;
Select * from text where pid=1;
After:
Select * from products,text where products.pid = text.pid
IA previous year exam paper and solution
IA Paper Answers and Questions
Q1.If L stands for +, M stands for -, N stands for x, P stands for / then 15N 10 L 30 P 6 M 8 =
(1) 145 (2)147 (3)146 (4) 148
Solution.
Step1) Change the equation into correct format which is
15 x 10 + 30 / 6 - 8
Step2) Use BODMAS that is Division first ,than multiplication , than addition and afterwards subtraction.
Step3) 15 x 10 + 5 - 8 (Division)
Step4) 150 + 5 - 8 ( Multiplication)
Step5) 155 - 8 (Addition)
Step6 147
That is (2)
Q2. If 20-10 means 2; 8 / 4 means 32; 6 x2 means 8, then 100 -10 x 4 /6 equals
(1) 32 (2) 34 (3)36 (4) 35
Step1) Try to figure out what the above equations signifies.
That is what 20-10 = 2 signifies, what mathematical operator we should use between these two number so we get the value 2? Only division(/) operator which gives us 2 at RHS. So - => / ( minus sign implies division).
Similarly / => x and x => + respectively.
So,
Step2) 100 -10 x 4/6 changes into 100 / 10 + 4 x 6
Step3) 10 +4 x 6
Step4) 10 + 24
Step5) 34
That is (2)
Q3. Five persons A,B,C,D and E are sitting in a row. Who is sitting in the middle if: (i) B is between E and C, (ii) B is to the right of C (iii) D is between A and E
(1) D (2) B (3) E (4) A
Solution.
To find out middle person, we need to write each person position on paper according to the information given to us.
Step1). E B C ( B is between E and C)
Step2). C B E ( B is right of C and B is between E and C)
Step3). C B E D A ( B is right of C , B is between E and C and D is between A and E)
So middle term is E.
So Answer is (3) E.
Q4. What is the number of squares in the following figure?
(1)18 (2) 10 (3) 9 (4) 14
Solution:
Q5. A is three year older to B and 3 years younger to C, B and D are twins. How many years older is C to D?
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 12
Solution:
Write equations from the information given above:
A = 3 + B --> Eq 1
C = A + 3 --> Eq 2
B = D
Find equation between C and D
Step 1) A = 3 + D ( we know B = D , so we replace B with D)
Q12. What number should come next in the series 7,10,8,11,9,12_______
(1) 7 (2) 12 (3) 10 (4) 13
Q30. In which country is Wimbledon tennis tournament held?
(1) USA (2) Australia (3) France (4) England
Q1.If L stands for +, M stands for -, N stands for x, P stands for / then 15N 10 L 30 P 6 M 8 =
(1) 145 (2)147 (3)146 (4) 148
Solution.
Step1) Change the equation into correct format which is
15 x 10 + 30 / 6 - 8
Step2) Use BODMAS that is Division first ,than multiplication , than addition and afterwards subtraction.
Step3) 15 x 10 + 5 - 8 (Division)
Step4) 150 + 5 - 8 ( Multiplication)
Step5) 155 - 8 (Addition)
Step6 147
That is (2)
Q2. If 20-10 means 2; 8 / 4 means 32; 6 x2 means 8, then 100 -10 x 4 /6 equals
(1) 32 (2) 34 (3)36 (4) 35
Step1) Try to figure out what the above equations signifies.
That is what 20-10 = 2 signifies, what mathematical operator we should use between these two number so we get the value 2? Only division(/) operator which gives us 2 at RHS. So - => / ( minus sign implies division).
Similarly / => x and x => + respectively.
So,
Step2) 100 -10 x 4/6 changes into 100 / 10 + 4 x 6
Step3) 10 +4 x 6
Step4) 10 + 24
Step5) 34
That is (2)
Q3. Five persons A,B,C,D and E are sitting in a row. Who is sitting in the middle if: (i) B is between E and C, (ii) B is to the right of C (iii) D is between A and E
(1) D (2) B (3) E (4) A
Solution.
To find out middle person, we need to write each person position on paper according to the information given to us.
Step1). E B C ( B is between E and C)
Step2). C B E ( B is right of C and B is between E and C)
Step3). C B E D A ( B is right of C , B is between E and C and D is between A and E)
So middle term is E.
So Answer is (3) E.
Q4. What is the number of squares in the following figure?
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 7 | 8 | 9 |
Solution:
We will try to solve this problem by canceling least possible option for eg. By putting numbers inside the square, we can make out one conclusion that squares can't be less than 9.
Step1. (1 2 4 5) makes one more square so total squares become 9 + 1= 10 so (3) option is incorrect
Step2.( Similarly 4 5 7 8) makes one square and total becomes 11 , so we can cancel (2) nd option too.
Step3. Now there is only two options left, by assumption I can say that there are only 14 squares possible , but if you want to count you can.
So Answer is 14 that is (4)
Q5. A is three year older to B and 3 years younger to C, B and D are twins. How many years older is C to D?
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 12
Solution:
Write equations from the information given above:
A = 3 + B --> Eq 1
C = A + 3 --> Eq 2
B = D
Find equation between C and D
Step 1) A = 3 + D ( we know B = D , so we replace B with D)
Step 2) C = 3 + D + 3 ( Replace A with Eq 1)
Step 3) C = 6 + D
So, we can conclude that C is 6 years older than D that is (3).
Q6. Find the number which when added to itself 13 times gives 112
(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 11
Solution.
Let x be the number , which is added to itself 13 times that is 13x.
x + 13x = 112
x = 112/14 = 8
That is option (2).
Q7.(A)Rahul at present is 25 years younger to his mother.
(B) Rahul brother, who was born in 1964, is 35 years younger to his mother.
In which year year was Rahul Born?
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
(2) (B) alone is sufficient while (A) alone is not sufficient
(3) Either (A) or (B) is sufficient
(4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient
Solution:
From A we know that Rahul is 25 years younger to his mother but with this information we can't deduce Rahul's age.
From B we can find out the born year of Rahul's mother but still this information can't be used to find Rahul's age, for that we need first statement.
So Answer is (4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient.
Q8. (A) One fourth of the weight of each pole is 5 Kg.
(B)The total weight of three poles is 20 Kg more than the total weight of two poles.
What will be the total weight of 10 poles, each of same weight ?
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
(2) (B) alone is sufficient while (A) alone is not sufficient
(3) Either (A) or (B) is sufficient
(4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient
Step 3) C = 6 + D
So, we can conclude that C is 6 years older than D that is (3).
Q6. Find the number which when added to itself 13 times gives 112
(1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 11
Solution.
Let x be the number , which is added to itself 13 times that is 13x.
x + 13x = 112
x = 112/14 = 8
That is option (2).
Q7.(A)Rahul at present is 25 years younger to his mother.
(B) Rahul brother, who was born in 1964, is 35 years younger to his mother.
In which year year was Rahul Born?
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
(2) (B) alone is sufficient while (A) alone is not sufficient
(3) Either (A) or (B) is sufficient
(4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient
Solution:
From A we know that Rahul is 25 years younger to his mother but with this information we can't deduce Rahul's age.
From B we can find out the born year of Rahul's mother but still this information can't be used to find Rahul's age, for that we need first statement.
So Answer is (4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient.
Q8. (A) One fourth of the weight of each pole is 5 Kg.
(B)The total weight of three poles is 20 Kg more than the total weight of two poles.
What will be the total weight of 10 poles, each of same weight ?
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
(2) (B) alone is sufficient while (A) alone is not sufficient
(3) Either (A) or (B) is sufficient
(4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient
Solution. Lets weight of one pole is x and according to A 1/4 * x = 5 so x = 20 Kg.
and from B 3x = 20 + 2x which means x = 20 ,so total weight become 200 Kg.
So answer is (3) Either (A) or (B) is sufficient
Q9. (A) A company sold 8000 units of product each costing Rs.25
(B). This company has no other product line
How much was the total sale of the company?
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
(2) (B) alone is sufficient while (A) alone is not sufficient
(3) Either (A) or (B) is sufficient
(4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient
Solution.
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
Q10. What is the number of triangles in the above figure?
(1)8 (2) 10 (3) 12 (4) 14
Q11. What number should come next in the series: 2,1,(1/2),(1,4),________
(1)1/3 (2) 1/8 (3) 2/8 (4) 1/16
Q9. (A) A company sold 8000 units of product each costing Rs.25
(B). This company has no other product line
How much was the total sale of the company?
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
(2) (B) alone is sufficient while (A) alone is not sufficient
(3) Either (A) or (B) is sufficient
(4) Both (A) and (B) are sufficient
Solution.
(1) (A) alone is sufficient while (B) alone is not sufficient
Q10. What is the number of triangles in the above figure?
(1)8 (2) 10 (3) 12 (4) 14
Q11. What number should come next in the series: 2,1,(1/2),(1,4),________
(1)1/3 (2) 1/8 (3) 2/8 (4) 1/16
Q12. What number should come next in the series 7,10,8,11,9,12_______
(1) 7 (2) 12 (3) 10 (4) 13
Solution:
Their is two series in this question
7,8,9,10
10,11,12
Q13. Statement: NO women teacher can play. some women teachers are athletes. Conclusions:
(A) Male athletes can play
(B) Some athletes can play
(1) Only conclusion (A) Follows
(2) Only conclusion (B) Follows
(3) Either conclusion(A) or (B) Follows
(4) Neither (A) nor (B) Follows
Q14. Marathon: race :: hibernation:______
(1) Winter (2) Bear (3) Dream (4) Sleep
Solution:
Marathon is a type of race and hibernation is a type of sleep
Q15. 3G is:
(1) a generation of standards for mobile phones
(2) name of a scam
(3) a generation of standards for landline phones
(4) none of the above
Q16. Latest processor from intel is:
(1) core 2 duo (2) dual core (3) core i5 (4) pentium
Reason: core i5 and i7 are the latest processors from Intel.
Q17. Full form of UPS is:
(1). Uninterfered power supply
(2) Uninterrupted power supply
(3) Uniform power source
(4) Uniform power supply
Q18. RAM in present day computers is available in size of
(1) MB (2) GB (3) TB (4) KB
Q19. Full form of GUI is:
(1) Graphics use interaction
(2) Graphical user interface
(3) Graph use interface
(4) None of the above
Q20. Which one of the following is magnetic devices?
(1) Tapes (2) Hard disks (3) Both (1) and (2) (4) None of the above
Q21. The Rajasthan canal takes water from:
(1) Ravi (2) Satlaj (3) Ghaghara (4) Yamuna
Q22. Keoladeo National Park is situated in:
(1) Alwar (2) Bharatpur (3) Ghana ( 4) Ranthambore
Q23. Which of the following states is largest in area?
(1) Madhya Pradesh, (2) Uttar Pradesh (3) Rajasthan (4) Maharashtra
Q24. International women's day is celebrated on:
(1) May 27 (2) January 9 (3) April 7 (4) March 8
Q25. Jai Jawan Jai Kissan slogan was given by:
(1) Indira Gandhi (2) Lal Bahadur Shastri (3) Mahatma Gandhi (4) Jawahar Lal Nehru
Q26. Insulin controls metabolism of
(1) Sugar (2) Fats (3) Proteins (4) Salts
Q27. The capital of Chhattisgarh is:
(1) Jamshedpur (2) Indore (3) Raipur (4) Bhopal
Q28. Baghdad is the capital of which country?
(1) Afghanistan (2) Kuwait (3) Iraq (4) Saudi Arabia
Q29. What is the sum total of all angles of a right angled triangle ?
(1) 90 degrees (2) 185 degrees (3) 180 degrees (4) 45 degrees
Sol.Sum total of angles of any triangle is 180 degree
Q29. What is the sum total of all angles of a right angled triangle ?
(1) 90 degrees (2) 185 degrees (3) 180 degrees (4) 45 degrees
Sol.Sum total of angles of any triangle is 180 degree
Q30. In which country is Wimbledon tennis tournament held?
(1) USA (2) Australia (3) France (4) England
Q31. Which of the following devices can be used to directly read image printed text ?
(1) OCR (2) OMR (3) MICR (4) All of the above
(1) OCR (2) OMR (3) MICR (4) All of the above
Sol. This question can be easily answered if you know the full form of OCR which is Optical Character Recognition
Q32. Which of the following are the two main components of the CPU ?
(1) Control Unit and registers (2) Registers and main memory (3) Control Unit and ALU (4) ALU and Bus
Q33. The advantage of Component Object Model is it's _______and_______
(1) Compact size, speed readability (3) Compact Size and Speed (3) Readability, speed (4) Low cost, readability
Q34. If a computer on the network shares resources for others to use, is is called ______
(1) Server (2) Client (3) Mainframe (4) None of these
Q35. The output quality of a printer is measured by
(1) Dot per inch (2) Dot per sq. inch (3) Dots printed per unit time (4) All of above
Q36. Convert: (1111001) base 2 -> ( ) base 10
(1) 31 base 10 (2) 121 base 10 (3) 27 base 10 (4) 29 base 10
Sol. 1x64 + 1x 32 + 1 x 16 + 1 x 8 + 0 x 4+0 x 2 + 1 x 1 = 121
Q32. Which of the following are the two main components of the CPU ?
(1) Control Unit and registers (2) Registers and main memory (3) Control Unit and ALU (4) ALU and Bus
Q33. The advantage of Component Object Model is it's _______and_______
(1) Compact size, speed readability (3) Compact Size and Speed (3) Readability, speed (4) Low cost, readability
Q34. If a computer on the network shares resources for others to use, is is called ______
(1) Server (2) Client (3) Mainframe (4) None of these
Q35. The output quality of a printer is measured by
(1) Dot per inch (2) Dot per sq. inch (3) Dots printed per unit time (4) All of above
Q36. Convert: (1111001) base 2 -> ( ) base 10
(1) 31 base 10 (2) 121 base 10 (3) 27 base 10 (4) 29 base 10
Sol. 1x64 + 1x 32 + 1 x 16 + 1 x 8 + 0 x 4+0 x 2 + 1 x 1 = 121
Hindi Music Apps
Dhingana:
Available on: Android, Blackberry and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
Saavn:
Available on: Android and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
Desimusic:
Available on: Android and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
Shazam:
Available on: Android, Blackberry and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
soundhound:
Available on: Android, Blackberry, Nokia, Windows Phone and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
grooveshark:
Available on: Android
Features:
Available on: Android, Blackberry and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
- Category wise popular song selection
- Personal Playlist
- Useful Website with more features than app
Saavn:
Available on: Android and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
- Live Radio
- Personal Playlist
- Weekly top 15
- New Releases
Desimusic:
Available on: Android and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
- Songs are in various languages such as Malayalam,Hindi,Telugu and Tamil
- Lyrics are available too
Shazam:
Available on: Android, Blackberry and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
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soundhound:
Available on: Android, Blackberry, Nokia, Windows Phone and iOS(Apple Devices)
Features:
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- Lyrics are available
grooveshark:
Available on: Android
Features:
- Great interface
- Variety of music
- Upload your song
- Personal Playlist
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